Soil Profile
Soil Profile
Soil Profile: Due to the physical, chemical, and biological activities that take place during soil formation, well-developed layers of soil are formed, one below the other. Generally we see the top surface of the soil, not layers below it. Soil profile can be seen while digging a well or laying the foundation of a building. Soil profile i.e. various layers of soil can also be observed in a deep cut through the soil. Typically, four distinct soil layers can be seen. It can also be seen at the sides of a road, on a hill or at steep river bank.
Typically, four distinct soil layers can be seen. These layers are referred to as horizons. A vertical section of soil from the ground surface to the parent rock that shows the different layers of soil or the horizons is called soil profile.
"A" horizon or topsoil is the uppermost layer of soil. It consists of fine particles. It is rich in humus and therefore dark in colour. It is soft, porous. and can hold water.
Functions of Top -soil or A-horizon
"O" horizon lies just above the topsoil and is rich in organic matter.
"B" horizon or subsoil is rich in minerals that seep down along with water. It also contains compactly packed fine particles of soil.
"C" horizon contains partly weathered pieces of rock. It is usually characterized by cracks and crevices. It is very difficult to dig beyond this layer.
"R horizon" or Bedrock is the lowermost layer and mainly consists of the parent rock. The properties of this rock greatly determine the composition of the soil.
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Select the one that provides shelter for living organisms like worms, rodents, etc. | |||
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Layers of soil are called ____________ | |||
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